The article takes as its starting point the judgment oftheCourt of Justice of theEuropeanUnion inCaseC38/24 (11 September 2025), as an opportunity to reflect on the progressive legal recognition of the family caregiver within the Italian legal system, pending a comprehensive national legislative intervention. Although the ruling is situated within anti-discrimination law, it makes it possible to frame care as a prerequisite for the effective enjoyment of the fundamental rights of the vulnerable person, and to reassess its implications for the employment relationship through the concepts of discrimination by association and reasonable accommodation. Against this background, the contribution highlights the fragmented nature of the domestic framework-still predominantly welfare-oriented-and the need for a multi-level form of protection integrating labour-lawmeasures, services, and formal forms of recognition, including of an economic nature. Particular attention is devoted to the indispensable role of private law, as the field in which care may be given legally structured value through remunerative or reward-based contractual instruments capable of preventing informality and of addressing patrimonial and successionrelated issues. Finally, the analysis focuses on the need to coordinate the recognition of care work with the limits imposed bymandatory succession rules, so as to avoid care-related claims emerging only at the time of succession in a conflictual manner.
L’articolo prende le mosse dalla sentenza della Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione Europea nella causa C-38/24 (11 settembre 2025), quale occasione per riflettere sul progressivo riconoscimento giuridico del caregiver familiare nell’ordinamento italiano, in attesa di un intervento legislativo nazionale di sistema. La pronuncia, pur collocata nel diritto antidiscriminatorio, consente di valorizzare la cura come presupposto di effettività dei diritti fondamentali della persona fragile, e di rileggerne le ricadute sul rapporto di lavoro attraverso la categoria della discriminazione per associazione e degli accomodamenti ragionevoli. Su tale sfondo, il contributo evidenzia la frammentarietà del quadro interno, ancora prevalentemente assistenziale, e l’esigenza di una tutela multilivello che integri misure lavoristiche, servizi e riconoscimenti formali, anche di natura economica. Particolare attenzione è dedicata al ruolo imprescindibile del diritto privato, quale sede nella quale la cura può essere valorizzata in modo giuridicamente strutturato, mediante strumenti negoziali retributivi o premiali idonei a prevenire l’informalità e a governare i nodi patrimoniali e successori. L’analisi si concentra infine sulla necessità di coordinare il riconoscimento del lavoro di cura con i limiti della successione necessaria, evitando che la valorizzazione del caregiver riemerga solo al momentodell’apertura della successione in forma conflittuale.
Brevi riflessioni sul caregiver familiare (in attesa dell’intervento del legislatore)
bugetti
Primo
2026
Abstract
The article takes as its starting point the judgment oftheCourt of Justice of theEuropeanUnion inCaseC38/24 (11 September 2025), as an opportunity to reflect on the progressive legal recognition of the family caregiver within the Italian legal system, pending a comprehensive national legislative intervention. Although the ruling is situated within anti-discrimination law, it makes it possible to frame care as a prerequisite for the effective enjoyment of the fundamental rights of the vulnerable person, and to reassess its implications for the employment relationship through the concepts of discrimination by association and reasonable accommodation. Against this background, the contribution highlights the fragmented nature of the domestic framework-still predominantly welfare-oriented-and the need for a multi-level form of protection integrating labour-lawmeasures, services, and formal forms of recognition, including of an economic nature. Particular attention is devoted to the indispensable role of private law, as the field in which care may be given legally structured value through remunerative or reward-based contractual instruments capable of preventing informality and of addressing patrimonial and successionrelated issues. Finally, the analysis focuses on the need to coordinate the recognition of care work with the limits imposed bymandatory succession rules, so as to avoid care-related claims emerging only at the time of succession in a conflictual manner.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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fd 2026 caregiver.pdf
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