Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases

Mitochondria regulate cellular homeostasis and function in both neurons and glial cells, but molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent advances have expanded our understanding of how mitochondrial dynamics, quality control, bioenergetics, redox regulation, and proteostasis contribute to neurodegenerative processes. The collection “Neuroscience: Mitochondrial Function in Neurons and Glia” highlights the pivotal role of mitochondria in energy production, redox signaling, calcium buffering, and apoptosis. Articles within this collection discuss the effects of mitochondria in neurodegeneration. Together, these studies emphasize ongoing challenges in defining cell type specific mitochondrial responses and point to the need for improved strategies to target mitochondrial dysfunction in neurological disease.