Research, at both national and international levels, has started to focus on the gender gap regarding student performances in technological/scientific topics. Fervent ideological and epistemological debates have sprung up, particularly concerning the differences in mathematics test results between males and females (with males outshining females in most countries). In this paper, we analyse some questions taken from the INVALSI mathematics tests administered at varying educational stages; emergent didactic phenomena are investigated via one of the key concepts of mathematics education, the didactic contract. From a quantitative analysis, based on the percentage of answers given and Rasch Model results, it is possible to identify the presence of significant gender differences between the performances which can be traced back to the effects of the didactic contract. Furthermore, study of the features which accompany these gender gaps in the case studies allows us to investigate the gender gap in mathematics via a new interpretative method which also takes into account student ability levels.
Sempre più ricerche a livello nazionale e internazionale, sono focalizzate sullo studio del gender gap rilevato nelle performance degli studenti in discipline di area tecnologicascientifica. Al centro di forti dibattiti ideologici ed epistemologici ci sono in particolare le differenze in matematica, in termini di risultati ottenuti, tra maschi e femmine, che nella maggior parte delle nazioni risultano essere a favore degli studenti maschi. In questo contributo analizziamo alcuni quesiti tratti delle Prove INVALSI di matematica di diversi gradi scolastici in cui emergono fenomeni didattici interpretati con uno dei concetti chiave della didattica della matematica, il contratto didattico. Dall’analisi quantitativa, basata sulle percentuali di risposta e sullo studio di particolari grafici output del Modello di Rasch, è stato possibile evidenziare la presenza di marcate differenze di genere nei quesiti in oggetto che sono riconducibili agli effetti del contratto didattico. Inoltre lo studio delle caratteristiche con cui si presentano queste differenze di genere nelle situazioni considerate permette di indagare il gender gap in matematica attraverso una nuova chiave di lettura anche in relazione al livello di abilità degli studenti.
Didactic contract as a key to interpreting gender differences in maths
Ferretti F
;
2018
Abstract
Research, at both national and international levels, has started to focus on the gender gap regarding student performances in technological/scientific topics. Fervent ideological and epistemological debates have sprung up, particularly concerning the differences in mathematics test results between males and females (with males outshining females in most countries). In this paper, we analyse some questions taken from the INVALSI mathematics tests administered at varying educational stages; emergent didactic phenomena are investigated via one of the key concepts of mathematics education, the didactic contract. From a quantitative analysis, based on the percentage of answers given and Rasch Model results, it is possible to identify the presence of significant gender differences between the performances which can be traced back to the effects of the didactic contract. Furthermore, study of the features which accompany these gender gaps in the case studies allows us to investigate the gender gap in mathematics via a new interpretative method which also takes into account student ability levels.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.