Background. Identification of risk factors may help prevent mortality and recurrence after surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection. Methods. From January 1995 to March 2006, 100 consecutive patients (82 men, 18 women, mean age 58 ± 12 years) with type A acute aortic dissection were submitted to replacement of ascending aorta (n = 62), arch (n = 27), or the aortic root (n = 11, 9 with the Bentall operation and 2 with the David aortic valve reimplantation). Patients were followed up for 48 ± 33 months (range 1-120 months). Results. Operative mortality was 18% for aortic root replacement, 24% for ascending aorta replacement, 26% for arch replacement, respectively (p = NS). Independent risk factors for operative mortality were: acute (p = 0.001) and chronic renal dysfunction (p = 0.02), advanced patient age (61 ± 13 vs 56 ± 13 years, p = 0.02), prolonged bypass time (p = 0.01). Antegrade cerebral perfusion and moderate hypothermia during arch replacement was associated with better results than deep hypothermia (mortality 0/12 vs 7/15 patients, p = 0.008). Eight-year survival and freedom from cardiovascular events were 74 ± 7.5% and 70 ± 7.4%, respectively. Independent risk factor for late death was left ventricular ejection fraction <0.50 (p = 0.02). Five out of 67 patients (7.5 %) submitted to replacement of the ascending aorta with a tubular graft, who presented a dilated aortic root diameter (47 ± 3.4 vs 40.4 ± 4.9 mm, p = 0.004), were reoperated for proximal progression of the disease into the native aortic root (dilation n = 3, dissection n = 2) after 33 ± 20 months (range 2-58 months). Proximal aorta reoperation was associated with markedly reduced 8-year survival (52 ± 23 vs 82 ± 7%, p = 0.017). Conclusions. Surgery for acute aortic dissection represents an emergency treatment with satisfactory long-term results. Survival is affected by renal dysfunction at presentation, which should be aggressively treated, and by progression of the disease requiring reoperation; a dilated diameter of the aortic root should therefore indicate root replacement at the time of first operation. © 2007 AIM Publishing Srl.

Razionale. Scopo dello studio è stato valutare i risultati a lungo termine della chirurgia della dissecazione acuta dell’aorta e i relativi fattori di rischio. Materiali e metodi. Dal gennaio 1995 al marzo 2006 100 pazienti (82 maschi, 18 femmine, età 58 ± 12 anni) con dissecazione acuta dell’aorta di tipo A venivano sottoposti a sostituzione dell’aorta ascendente (n = 62), dell’arco (n = 27), della radice aortica mediante intervento di Bentall (n = 9) o reimpianto della valvola mediante intervento di David (n = 2). Risultati. La mortalità operatoria era 24% (15/62) per sostituzione dell’aorta ascendente, 26% (7/27) per sostituzione dell’arco, 18% (2/11) per sostituzione della radice (p = NS). Fattori predittivi di mortalità erano l’età più avanzata (61 ± 13 vs 56 ± 13 anni, p = 0.02), l’insufficienza renale acuta (p = 0.001) o cronica (p = 0.04), il tempo più lungo di circolazione extracorporea (p = 0.01). Nella chirurgia dell’arco l’impiego della perfusione cerebrale anterograda si associava a minore mortalità (0/12 vs 7/15, p = 0.008). A 8 anni la sopravvivenza attuariale e la libertà da eventi cardiovascolari erano rispettivamente 74 ± 7.5% e 70 ± 7.4%. Fattore predittivo di ridotta sopravvivenza a distanza era il valore preoperatorio di frazione di eiezione ventricolare sinistra <0.50 (p = 0.02). Cinque dei 67 pazienti sottoposti a sostituzione dell’aorta con protesi tubulare che presentavano al primo intervento maggiore diametro della radice (47 ± 3.4 vs 40.4 ± 4.9 mm, p = 0.004) venivano rioperati dopo 33 ± 20 mesi (range 2-58 mesi) per complicazioni relative alla radice aortica nativa (ri-dissecazione n = 2, dilatazione n = 3). Il reintervento sull’aorta prossimale era associato a ridotta sopravvivenza a distanza (52 ± 23 vs 82 ± 7%, p = 0.017). Conclusioni. La chirurgia della dissecazione acuta dell’aorta garantisce risultati soddisfacenti, che potrebbero migliorare con il trattamento precoce di patologie associate quali l’insufficienza renale. La presenza di una radice aortica nativa dilatata sembra consigliare la radicale sostituzione dell’intera radice all’atto operatorio, per prevenire la progressione prossimale della patologia a distanza

La chirurgia della dissecazione acuta dell’aorta: risultati a lungo termine e fattori di rischio [Surgery for type A aortic dissection: long-term results and risk factor analysis]

ZEITANI J;
2007

Abstract

Background. Identification of risk factors may help prevent mortality and recurrence after surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection. Methods. From January 1995 to March 2006, 100 consecutive patients (82 men, 18 women, mean age 58 ± 12 years) with type A acute aortic dissection were submitted to replacement of ascending aorta (n = 62), arch (n = 27), or the aortic root (n = 11, 9 with the Bentall operation and 2 with the David aortic valve reimplantation). Patients were followed up for 48 ± 33 months (range 1-120 months). Results. Operative mortality was 18% for aortic root replacement, 24% for ascending aorta replacement, 26% for arch replacement, respectively (p = NS). Independent risk factors for operative mortality were: acute (p = 0.001) and chronic renal dysfunction (p = 0.02), advanced patient age (61 ± 13 vs 56 ± 13 years, p = 0.02), prolonged bypass time (p = 0.01). Antegrade cerebral perfusion and moderate hypothermia during arch replacement was associated with better results than deep hypothermia (mortality 0/12 vs 7/15 patients, p = 0.008). Eight-year survival and freedom from cardiovascular events were 74 ± 7.5% and 70 ± 7.4%, respectively. Independent risk factor for late death was left ventricular ejection fraction <0.50 (p = 0.02). Five out of 67 patients (7.5 %) submitted to replacement of the ascending aorta with a tubular graft, who presented a dilated aortic root diameter (47 ± 3.4 vs 40.4 ± 4.9 mm, p = 0.004), were reoperated for proximal progression of the disease into the native aortic root (dilation n = 3, dissection n = 2) after 33 ± 20 months (range 2-58 months). Proximal aorta reoperation was associated with markedly reduced 8-year survival (52 ± 23 vs 82 ± 7%, p = 0.017). Conclusions. Surgery for acute aortic dissection represents an emergency treatment with satisfactory long-term results. Survival is affected by renal dysfunction at presentation, which should be aggressively treated, and by progression of the disease requiring reoperation; a dilated diameter of the aortic root should therefore indicate root replacement at the time of first operation. © 2007 AIM Publishing Srl.
2007
Nardi, P; Scafuri, A; Pellegrino, A; Bassano, C; Zeitani, J; Bertoldo, F; PENTA DE PEPPO, A; Chiariello, L
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2499998
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