Increased bronchial responsiveness in primary and secondary Sjogren's syndrome

We examined one group of 33 patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome, one group of 17 patients with secondary Sjogren's syndrome, i.e. associated with other connective tissue diseases, and one group of 14 patients with connective tissue diseases but without Sjogren's syndrome. In each patient we obtained chest radiographs and measured lung volumes, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity and airway responsiveness to methacholine. We observed no difference in chest radiograph abnormalities, in lung volumes and in carbon monoxide diffusing capacity among the three groups. However, we found a slight but significant increase of bronchial responsiveness in patients with primary and secondary Sjogren's syndrome compared with patients with connective tissue disorders but without Sjogren's syndrome. Thus PD20FEV1 methacholine was 1.07 mg (1.2) (geometric mean and GSEM) in primary Sjogren's syndrome, 0.91 mg (1.4) in secondary Sjogren's syndrome (NS), and 2.24 mg (1.09) in patients with connective tissue diseases but without Sjogren's syndrome (t = 2.59 and t = 2.8, both p < 0.05, vs primary and secondary Sjogren's syndrome, respectively). These results show that some patients with Sjogren's syndrome have mild bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which may be related to the specific airway abnormalities of this disease.