The object of this research concerns processing inter and transcultural practices of education in a theoretical frame that refers to the debate about the post-colonial (Dussel, 1992). In the light of this, the investigation has an epistemological character, with the aim of understanding the processes of construction and interpretation of reality in the encounter with cultural difference. Through a comparative approach, the testimonies of Yoruba culture - a widespread and historically rooted ethnic group in the southern part of Nigeria - allow us to explore Knowledge, investigating its plots, in relation to the reference culture and mythology that inspired the processes of synthesis and elaboration of the image of the world (Gramigna, 2015), as well as to compare different systems of rationality. The aim is to build supportive and inclusive educational practices. Knowing knowledge (Morin, 2007), represents the starting point both for learning to orient ourselves in an increasingly complex reality, and for starting a work of excavation (Foucault, 1999) and diaphanization of both one's own cognitive styles and implicit epistemologies (Bateson, 2005). Here, the epistemological approach allows us to begin a reflection on the concepts of ‘center’ and ‘margin’ (Gramigna, Righetti, 2001; Gramigna, 2020; Freire, 2022), to upset its boundaries, starting educational, emotional (Fabbri, 2022) and metacognitive practices. In this perspective, giving voice and space to cultures placed on the margin of those who have historically ‘dominated’ the discourse on reality, allows us to think, imagine and therefore design educational actions that overcome the Interculture in favor of a Transculture that promotes the transformation and reception of difference and that allows us to re-know each other through the look of the Other (Ricouer, 2005). Coherently with epistemology, the investigation refers to a qualitative methodology, it uses ethnographic investigation tools, such as semi-structured interview, self-narration, free narration, observation and makes hermeneutics its technology applied to educational analysis and design. This is an ethno-pedagogical research that is identified in the epistemological rigor, in the coherence between objectives, tools, methods, languages and results gradually achieved. Emphasis is given to the quality of the phenomenon examined, in this case the narrative proposed by the Yoruba witnesses, trying to identify the significant elements, noting the relationship with the context in which they develop. Through an archaeological approach (Foucault, 1999) we proceed with the phase of decoding, therefore of interpretation and understanding of the narrative plots that orient and build reality in different systems of rationality. In the light of this, the narrative inspired by the myths and history of the Yoruba people is proposed as a tool of Narrative Pedagogy useful for starting metacognitive and auto-hermeneutic processes in a transcultural frame. The words, the metaphors, the images of the stories coming from afar evoke new relationships of meaning and with them, new emotions, promoting a cognitive posture permeable to change, open to new narratives on reality, welcoming the ‘unusual’ and the ’different’ as possible plots of infinite possible worlds. It is in this aspect that the decolonial feature of the proposal is placed, since it invites us to consider other languages, other forms of rationality, through the awareness of our own implicit beliefs. The experimentation in the school of metacognitive narratives with a high inter and transcultural tenor, the transferability of the actions designed, the participation in the scientific debate on the topic and the dissemination of the results that we aim to achieve, allow us to also hypothesize their impact and repercussions in a positive sense.
L’oggetto di questa ricerca riguarda l’elaborazione di prassi di educazione inter e transculturali in una cornice teorica che fa riferimento al dibattito sul post-coloniale (Dussel, 1992). Alla luce di ciò, l’ambito entro il quale si è scelto di sviluppare l’indagine è di stampo epistemologico, con il fine di comprendere i processi di costruzione e interpretazione della realtà nell’incontro con la differenza culturale. Attraverso uno approccio comparativo, le testimonianze della cultura Yoruba - etnia diffusa e storicamente radicata nella parte meridionale della Nigeria - ci permettono di esplorare la Conoscenza, indagando le sue trame, in relazione alla cultura di riferimento e alla mitologia che ha ispirato i processi di sintetizzazione ed elaborazione dell’immagine del mondo (Gramigna, 2015), nonché di comparare differenti sistemi di razionalità. Il fine è quello di costruire prassi educative solidali ed inclusive. Conoscere la conoscenza (Morin, 2007), rappresenta il punto di partenza sia per apprendere ad orientarci in una realtà sempre più complessa, sia per iniziare un’opera di scavo (Foucault, 1999) e di diafanizzazione tanto dei propri stili cognitivi quanto delle epistemologie implicite (Bateson, 2005). Ecco che l’approccio epistemologico ci consente di iniziare una riflessione sui concetti di ‘centro’ e ‘margine’ (Gramigna, Righetti, 2001; Gramigna, 2020; Freire, 2022), di sconvolgerne i confini, avviando pratiche e patiche (Fabbri, 2022) formative metacognitive. In quest’ottica, dare voce e spazio alle culture collocate al margine di chi ha storicamente ‘dominato’ il discorso sulla realtà, ci permette di pensare, immaginare e quindi progettare azioni educative che superino l’Intercultura a favore di una Transcultura che promuova la trasformazione e l’accoglienza della differenza e che ci permetta di ri-conoscenci attraverso lo sguardo dell’Altro (Ricouer, 2005). Coerentemente con l’epistemologia, la metodologia è di stampo qualitativo, si avvale degli strumenti dell’indagine etnografica e fa dell’ermeneutica la sua tecnologia applicata all’analisi e alla progettazione educativa. Si tratta di una ricerca di carattere etnopedagogico che si identifica nel rigore epistemologico, nella coerenza tra obiettivi, strumenti, metodi, linguaggi e risultati via via raggiunti. Si dà rilievo alla qualità del fenomeno preso in esame, in questo caso la narrazione proposta dai testimoni Yoruba, cercando di identificarne gli elementi significativi, rilevando la relazione con il contesto nel quale si sviluppano. Attraverso un approccio archeologico (Foucault, 1999) si procede con la fase di decodificazione, quindi di interpretazione e comprensione delle trame narrative che orientano e costruiscono la realtà in sistemi di razionalità differenti. Pertanto, si propone il racconto ispirato ai miti e alla storia del popolo Yoruba come strumento di Pedagogia Narrativa utile per avviare processi metacognitivi e autoermeneutici in una cornice transculturale. Le parole, le metafore, le immagini dei racconti provenienti da lontano evocano nuove relazioni di significato e con esse, nuove emozioni, promuovendo una postura cognitiva permeabile al cambiamento, aperta a nuove narrazioni sulla realtà, accogliente l’‘inconsueto’ e il ‘diverso’ come possibili trame di infiniti mondi possibili. È in questo aspetto che si colloca la cifra decoloniale della proposta, poiché si invita a considerare altri linguaggi, altre forme di razionalità, attraverso la coscientizzazaione delle proprie credenze implicite. La sperimentazione nella scuola di narrazioni metacognitive ad elevato tenore inter e transculturale, la trasferibilità delle azioni progettate, la partecipazione al dibattito scientifico sul tema e la divulgazione dei risultati che ci preponiamo di conseguire ci consentono di ipotizzarne anche l’impatto e le ricadute in senso positivo.
Intercultura e comparazione educativa: un’indagine etnografica presso la comunità nigeriana residente nella Provincia di Ravenna
BOSCHI, CAMILLA
2026
Abstract
The object of this research concerns processing inter and transcultural practices of education in a theoretical frame that refers to the debate about the post-colonial (Dussel, 1992). In the light of this, the investigation has an epistemological character, with the aim of understanding the processes of construction and interpretation of reality in the encounter with cultural difference. Through a comparative approach, the testimonies of Yoruba culture - a widespread and historically rooted ethnic group in the southern part of Nigeria - allow us to explore Knowledge, investigating its plots, in relation to the reference culture and mythology that inspired the processes of synthesis and elaboration of the image of the world (Gramigna, 2015), as well as to compare different systems of rationality. The aim is to build supportive and inclusive educational practices. Knowing knowledge (Morin, 2007), represents the starting point both for learning to orient ourselves in an increasingly complex reality, and for starting a work of excavation (Foucault, 1999) and diaphanization of both one's own cognitive styles and implicit epistemologies (Bateson, 2005). Here, the epistemological approach allows us to begin a reflection on the concepts of ‘center’ and ‘margin’ (Gramigna, Righetti, 2001; Gramigna, 2020; Freire, 2022), to upset its boundaries, starting educational, emotional (Fabbri, 2022) and metacognitive practices. In this perspective, giving voice and space to cultures placed on the margin of those who have historically ‘dominated’ the discourse on reality, allows us to think, imagine and therefore design educational actions that overcome the Interculture in favor of a Transculture that promotes the transformation and reception of difference and that allows us to re-know each other through the look of the Other (Ricouer, 2005). Coherently with epistemology, the investigation refers to a qualitative methodology, it uses ethnographic investigation tools, such as semi-structured interview, self-narration, free narration, observation and makes hermeneutics its technology applied to educational analysis and design. This is an ethno-pedagogical research that is identified in the epistemological rigor, in the coherence between objectives, tools, methods, languages and results gradually achieved. Emphasis is given to the quality of the phenomenon examined, in this case the narrative proposed by the Yoruba witnesses, trying to identify the significant elements, noting the relationship with the context in which they develop. Through an archaeological approach (Foucault, 1999) we proceed with the phase of decoding, therefore of interpretation and understanding of the narrative plots that orient and build reality in different systems of rationality. In the light of this, the narrative inspired by the myths and history of the Yoruba people is proposed as a tool of Narrative Pedagogy useful for starting metacognitive and auto-hermeneutic processes in a transcultural frame. The words, the metaphors, the images of the stories coming from afar evoke new relationships of meaning and with them, new emotions, promoting a cognitive posture permeable to change, open to new narratives on reality, welcoming the ‘unusual’ and the ’different’ as possible plots of infinite possible worlds. It is in this aspect that the decolonial feature of the proposal is placed, since it invites us to consider other languages, other forms of rationality, through the awareness of our own implicit beliefs. The experimentation in the school of metacognitive narratives with a high inter and transcultural tenor, the transferability of the actions designed, the participation in the scientific debate on the topic and the dissemination of the results that we aim to achieve, allow us to also hypothesize their impact and repercussions in a positive sense.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


