Das neoliberale Paradigma von Rationalität unter der Lupe der Transzendentalphilosophie J. G. Fichtes. Eine kritische Betrachtung

In this article, the neoliberal model of rationality is contrasted with the understanding of rationality proposed by Fichte in the basis of the entire Wissenschaftslehre. The first part centres on Foucault’s connection between governmentality and the Tational Choice Model. In the second part, I will discuss Ludwig von Mises’ theory of action, which he elab- orates in his 1940 masterpiece, Nationalökonomie. Eine TheoriedesHandelns. Although he did not formulate the Rational Choice Model himself, he can be considered an exem- plary representative of an anthropological paradigm in which human action, choice, rationality and economics are closely interdependent. In the third part of the article, J. G. Fichte and his concept of rationality proposed in the Grundlage come into play. For the entire anthropology of von Mises, on which the possibility of rational action of the homo oeconomicus is based, can be traced back to what Fichte alone presents in the second, theoretical part of the Grundlage. This, however, is followed by its third, practical part in which Fichte presents the foundation and justification, indeed the authentic conditions of the possibility of that theoretical action, i.e. of intelligence in the unfolding of practical reason.