The Morgado Superior cave is a karst cave located in the municipality of Tomar (Santarém, Portugal). As other caves of the same area, it has provided stratigraphic data and votive deposits fall- ing within the Holocene, more precisely in a dia- chronic time range that extends from the Neolithic to the early Bronze Age. In the Morgado Superior cave there are multiple burials with a few votive ob- jects like jars, bone artefacts and lithic tools (blades, arrowheads etc.), beads, pendants, and other deco- rative items in association with more than 8,000 hu- man bones: the number of the grave goods elements is low if compared with the number of individuals buried in the cave. Concerning the use-wear study, we analyzed the grave goods in order to understand both their meaning in this funerary context and their function in the economy of this prehistoric society. We focused on the most representative elements of the grave goods: arrowheads and knapped lithic artefacts. This study led us to understand that the majority of the grave goods were everyday objects but with a strong symbolic value. Since in the Mor- gado Superior Cave there are a lot of grave goods showing prior breaks, their symbolic value does not seem to be lost even if the objects were broken. Thus, the use-wear analysis of the grave goods from the Morgado Superior Cave allowed us to identify the strong symbolic value of these elements for that human community, but at the same time to hypoth- esize a funerary practice that did not provide a special respect for the body and the grave goods of those dead previously buried in the cave. For these rea- sons we hypothesize a progressive spoliation (prob- ably ritual) of the previous grave goods. Through the use-wear study of the knapped lithic assemblage of the Morgado Superior Cave it was possible to recon- struct part of the ritual activities that were carried out in the site: the 90% of the lithic artefacts are used objects, all of the artefacts have been produced in another place and they were probably intentionally placed in the burials.
A Use-Wear Analysis Of The Knapped Lithic Grave Goods From Gruta Do Morgado Superior (Tomar, Portugal)
Gabriele Luigi Francesco Berruti
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
2015
Abstract
The Morgado Superior cave is a karst cave located in the municipality of Tomar (Santarém, Portugal). As other caves of the same area, it has provided stratigraphic data and votive deposits fall- ing within the Holocene, more precisely in a dia- chronic time range that extends from the Neolithic to the early Bronze Age. In the Morgado Superior cave there are multiple burials with a few votive ob- jects like jars, bone artefacts and lithic tools (blades, arrowheads etc.), beads, pendants, and other deco- rative items in association with more than 8,000 hu- man bones: the number of the grave goods elements is low if compared with the number of individuals buried in the cave. Concerning the use-wear study, we analyzed the grave goods in order to understand both their meaning in this funerary context and their function in the economy of this prehistoric society. We focused on the most representative elements of the grave goods: arrowheads and knapped lithic artefacts. This study led us to understand that the majority of the grave goods were everyday objects but with a strong symbolic value. Since in the Mor- gado Superior Cave there are a lot of grave goods showing prior breaks, their symbolic value does not seem to be lost even if the objects were broken. Thus, the use-wear analysis of the grave goods from the Morgado Superior Cave allowed us to identify the strong symbolic value of these elements for that human community, but at the same time to hypoth- esize a funerary practice that did not provide a special respect for the body and the grave goods of those dead previously buried in the cave. For these rea- sons we hypothesize a progressive spoliation (prob- ably ritual) of the previous grave goods. Through the use-wear study of the knapped lithic assemblage of the Morgado Superior Cave it was possible to recon- struct part of the ritual activities that were carried out in the site: the 90% of the lithic artefacts are used objects, all of the artefacts have been produced in another place and they were probably intentionally placed in the burials.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
