Particle characterization: parameters and selected methods

Many studies conducted in research laboratories as well as many industrial processes are based on the use of particulate material. A good knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of the constituent particles is the starting point for optimizing their use and enhancing their performances. Since the list of physicochemical parameters to be determined could be remarkably long, it is important to identify the most relevant properties required for a meaningful characterization. Numerous techniques are available today to determine the parameters of interest, but those selected must be the most suitable and appropriate, taking into account the nature of the sample, the sample preparation, and the measurement principle. This chapter lists some physicochemical parameters commonly evaluated for the characterization of particulate materials, focusing on the determination of the particle size and particle size distribution, and on the most common techniques for obtaining this information.