The growing penetration of mobile devices has significantly affected the consumer decision-making process that guides consumption and purchasing choices. The pervasive use of the mobile during the consumers’ decision-making process also affects the grocery retail environment: the mobile is used out-of-store to search for information, compare prices, check and evaluate promotions among different stores, and in-store to verify the convenience of prices and promotions. Mobile devices are also used for digital shopping lists, which have become a tool for controlling expenses and purchases. Therefore, it becomes crucial to understand how the mobile influences the decision-making process as well as shoppers’ buying behaviour especially in terms of the effectiveness of marketing efforts made by manufacturers and retailers to influence the purchasing choices and stimulate impulse purchases. Conversely, if the mobile is not employed as a planning tool, but as a natural means of communication, it could still cause a lack of attention during a shopping experience and, as a result, to the in-store marketing stimuli as well. Therefore, as a control device, rather than as a means of distraction, mobile use is likely to reduce the effectiveness of in-store marketing initiatives. The analysis of the factors influencing the consumer's decision-making process inside the store has always interested researchers. Nevertheless, the impact and the role of mobile technologies in the buying behavior inside the store and particularly in terms of planned versus unplanned purchases, is a subject still little explored. For this reasons, the work aims to study the role of the mobile on the in-store decision-making process and buying behavior in order to understand if and to what extent the use of mobile devices, while shopping, as a planning tool (shopping-related use) and/or as a source of distraction (shopping-unrelated use), can alter the patterns of decision-making causing a reduction of attention to the in-store marketing stimuli and an alteration of the balance between planned purchases and impulse purchases. Since prior research on impulse buying behavior found its many antecedents in individual characteristics, situational variables and endogenous variables without considering the mobile usage among the factors that could influence impulse buying behavior, we will attempt to extend previous models in order to create a model of impulse buying that could help researchers and practitioners better understand shopping behaviours in the new retail setting where consumers are much more prepared than in the past and they use mobile device both out-of-store, as a tool for shopping preparation, and in-store, as a tool for self-regulation. Finally, to face the new scenario of mobile shopper marketing we will propose innovative ways of involving the consumer inside the store. The research ends with the proposal for an innovative way of interaction between retailers and shoppers: the Face Promo mobile app. This app, making full use of the potential of shopping-related use of the mobile in-store, will turn, in the near future, the threats coming from the mobile usage into great opportunities for retailers and manufactures. Face Promo, thanks to the contributions offered by the innovative artificial intelligence technologies and machine learning, based on a new method of facial recognition of the shopper, thanks to a system of cameras positioned at the point of sale, allows retailers to interact not only with the consumers within the store in front of the shelf. The geo-location of the shopper will allow retailers to anchor the duration of the usability of discounts to the time of the in-store shopping trip, creating a new form of dynamic pricing. The personalization and dynamism of promotions made by the app could represent a win-win strategy for retailers and manufacturers creating a value relationship with the shoppers.

La crescente penetrazione dei dispositivi mobile ha notevolmente influito sul comportamento dei consumatori e sui loro processi decisionali, guidando le scelte di consumo e d’acquisto. La pervasività del mobile nei processi di scelta degli individui interessa particolarmente il contesto della spesa alimentare, dove il mobile viene impiegato out-of-store per ricercare informazioni, confrontare prezzi e promozioni, valutare la convenienza dei diversi punti vendita e in-store per verificare la convenienza di prezzi e promozioni piuttosto che come lista della spesa digitale, trasformandosi a tutti gli effetti in uno strumento di controllo della spesa in-store e di programmazione out-of-store. L’uso del mobile come strumento di controllo e pianificazione della spesa rischia di alterare l’efficacia degli investimenti di marketing di industria e distribuzione. Qualora il mobile non fosse, al contrario, impiegato come strumento di pianificazione della spesa, bensì come naturale mezzo di comunicazione, la sua pervasività potrebbe comunque tradursi in una riduzione di attenzione nei confronti dell’attività di spesa e, conseguentemente, in una distrazione nei confronti degli stimoli di marketing. Lo studio dei fattori che influenzano il processo decisionale del consumatore all'interno del punto vendita ha da sempre suscitato l’interesse dei ricercatori di marketing. Tuttavia, ancora poca attenzione è stata dedicata al ruolo che i mobile device possono assumere nelle decisioni di acquisto in-store e, in particolare, nell’equilibrio tra acquisti pianificati e acquisti d’impulso. Da queste considerazioni nasce il presente lavoro che intende studiare il ruolo del mobile sul processo decisionale di acquisto in-store al fine di comprendere se e in che misura l’utilizzo dei dispostivi mobile, durante l’attività di spesa, come strumento di pianificazione (uso correlato) e/o fonte di distrazione (uso non correlato), rischia di alterare i pattern del processo decisionale causando una riduzione dell’attenzione nei confronti delle azioni di in-store marketing e alterando l’equilibrio tra acquisti pianificati e acquisti di impulso. Posto che la letteratura accademica ha individuato modelli che identificano gli antecedenti del comportamento di acquisto d’impulso senza considerare tra questi l'utilizzo della tecnologia mobile, la ricerca propone un modello generale di impulse buying che mira a comprendere meglio il comportamento dello shopper in un ambiente digitale, considerando la crescente propensione dei consumatori a dedicare tempo e svolgere molteplici attività di preparazione della spesa, nonché il crescente utilizzo dei dispositivi mobile da parte degli shopper all’interno del contesto grocery. A fronte del nuovo scenario di mobile shopper marketing verranno proposte innovative modalità di coinvolgimento del consumatore all’interno del punto vendita. La ricerca si conclude con la proposta di una modalità innovativa di interazione tra retailer e shopper: l’app mobile Face Promo. Tale applicazione, sfruttando le potenzialità dell’utilizzo correlato del mobile durante la spesa, permetterà nel prossimo futuro di trasformare la minaccia dell’utilizzo correlato del mobile in preziose opportunità a favore di industria e distribuzione. Face Promo, grazie ai contributi offerti dalle innovative tecnologie di intelligenza artificiale e machine learning e a un nuovo metodo di riconoscimento facciale dello shopper tramite un sistema di telecamere posizionate in punto vendita, permette ai retailer di geo-localizzare lo shopper in punto vendita, personalizzare le promozioni e ancorare la durata della fruibilità degli sconti alla durata della visita in-store, realizzando una nuova forma di dynamic pricing. La personalizzazione e la dinamicizzazione delle promozioni realizzate dall’app può rappresentare una strategia win-win per retailer e industria nella creazione di una relazione di valore con lo shopper.

Mobile Shopping Revolution: minacce e opportunità per i grocery retailer

AIOLFI, Simone
2019

Abstract

The growing penetration of mobile devices has significantly affected the consumer decision-making process that guides consumption and purchasing choices. The pervasive use of the mobile during the consumers’ decision-making process also affects the grocery retail environment: the mobile is used out-of-store to search for information, compare prices, check and evaluate promotions among different stores, and in-store to verify the convenience of prices and promotions. Mobile devices are also used for digital shopping lists, which have become a tool for controlling expenses and purchases. Therefore, it becomes crucial to understand how the mobile influences the decision-making process as well as shoppers’ buying behaviour especially in terms of the effectiveness of marketing efforts made by manufacturers and retailers to influence the purchasing choices and stimulate impulse purchases. Conversely, if the mobile is not employed as a planning tool, but as a natural means of communication, it could still cause a lack of attention during a shopping experience and, as a result, to the in-store marketing stimuli as well. Therefore, as a control device, rather than as a means of distraction, mobile use is likely to reduce the effectiveness of in-store marketing initiatives. The analysis of the factors influencing the consumer's decision-making process inside the store has always interested researchers. Nevertheless, the impact and the role of mobile technologies in the buying behavior inside the store and particularly in terms of planned versus unplanned purchases, is a subject still little explored. For this reasons, the work aims to study the role of the mobile on the in-store decision-making process and buying behavior in order to understand if and to what extent the use of mobile devices, while shopping, as a planning tool (shopping-related use) and/or as a source of distraction (shopping-unrelated use), can alter the patterns of decision-making causing a reduction of attention to the in-store marketing stimuli and an alteration of the balance between planned purchases and impulse purchases. Since prior research on impulse buying behavior found its many antecedents in individual characteristics, situational variables and endogenous variables without considering the mobile usage among the factors that could influence impulse buying behavior, we will attempt to extend previous models in order to create a model of impulse buying that could help researchers and practitioners better understand shopping behaviours in the new retail setting where consumers are much more prepared than in the past and they use mobile device both out-of-store, as a tool for shopping preparation, and in-store, as a tool for self-regulation. Finally, to face the new scenario of mobile shopper marketing we will propose innovative ways of involving the consumer inside the store. The research ends with the proposal for an innovative way of interaction between retailers and shoppers: the Face Promo mobile app. This app, making full use of the potential of shopping-related use of the mobile in-store, will turn, in the near future, the threats coming from the mobile usage into great opportunities for retailers and manufactures. Face Promo, thanks to the contributions offered by the innovative artificial intelligence technologies and machine learning, based on a new method of facial recognition of the shopper, thanks to a system of cameras positioned at the point of sale, allows retailers to interact not only with the consumers within the store in front of the shelf. The geo-location of the shopper will allow retailers to anchor the duration of the usability of discounts to the time of the in-store shopping trip, creating a new form of dynamic pricing. The personalization and dynamism of promotions made by the app could represent a win-win strategy for retailers and manufacturers creating a value relationship with the shoppers.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488078
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