The traditional medicine of Peru, groups numerous medicinal plants useful for human health and thanks to the knowledge that derive from the empirical experiences made by the natives. However, this wealth that Peru has today requires scientific and experimental contributions of the utmost rigor that allow to discard the traditional uses of plants. Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) is a tree that can reach 3-4 meters in height. It grows in the north of Peru between 2,000 and 3,000 meters above sea level, in the Piura, La Libertad, Cajamarca and Amazonas departments. “Lanche canela", is a typical plant from the north of Peru that is used as a traditional medicine and as a stimulant of sexual activity. The aim of the research project is to characterize a typical Peruvian plant Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) or "Lanche canela" for a health enhancement and food integration and of fundamental importance to know the chemical composition of medicinal plants still widely used in traditional medicine at the order to be able to produce semisynthetic derivatives, as a basis for the synthesis of new bioactive compounds or for the production of food supplements. The first part of the work concerned the development and application of analytical methods for the nutritional evaluation of Myrcianthes discolor samples (HBK). The bromatological characterization of Lanche canela leaves has highlighted the good protein content and an interesting content of macroelements (Ca, Mg, Na, K) and trace elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn), The analysis of the mineral component is was performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The leaves are also rich in prebiotic soluble fiber and in the lipid fraction are present essential fatty acids such as linolenic and linoleic. Both the total content of polyphenols by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the total antioxidant capacity with the DPPH assay were determined in the methanol and aqueous extracts (infusions) obtained. In the polyphenolic fraction by HPLC it was possible to identify and quantify myricetin (1.6 and 0.7 mg/g of dried leaves) and quercetin (7.2 and 2.3 mg/g of dried leaves) both in the methanolic extract and in the infused. Thirty-four compounds corresponding to 97.79% of the total were identified in the essential oil. The components present in greater quantities are neral (25.38%), geranial (25.34%), linalool (12.29%). The antibacterial activity of Lanche Canela essential oils has not produced important results, while an interesting activity has emerged towards phytopathogenic fungi such as Stemphylium vesicarium and Tricoderma asperellum. The essay on the toxicological effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) showed no acute oral toxicity at the dose limit. Research on pharmacological and sex-related effects was assessed by the frequency of mating that represents a parameter that measures sexual desire commonly known as sexual libido, while the frequency of penetrations would indicate sexual potency. The results obtained demonstrate how it was possible to stimulate sexual desire by increasing it significantly compared to control animals. The highest values for the frequency with which penetrations occurred indicate that erection has been maintained longer. After this first cognitive survey it can be concluded that Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) has an interesting chemical component thanks to a very important contribution of bioactive substances and therefore can be proposed as raw materials or as semi-finished products to the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The study related to the possible acute oral toxicity can guarantee its use also for human purposes.
La medicina tradizionale del Perù, raggruppa numerose piante medicinali utili per la salute umana e grazie alle conoscenze che derivano dalle esperienze empiriche fatte dai nativi. Tuttavia, questa ricchezza che il Perù ha richiede oggi contributi scientifici e sperimentali di massimo rigore che consentano di scartare gli usi tradizionali delle piante. Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) è un albero che può raggiungere i 3-4 metri di altezza. Cresce nel nord del Perù tra 2.000 e 3.000 metri sul livello del mare, nei dipartimenti Piura, La Libertad, Cajamarca e Amazonas. Lanche canela”, è una pianta tipica dal nord del Perù che viene utilizzata come medicina tradizionale e come stimolante dell'attività sessuale. Lo scopo del progetto di ricerca è quello di caratterizzare una pianta tipica peruviana Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) o "Lanche canela" per una valorizzazione salutistica e integrazione alimentare e di fondamentale importanza per conoscere la composizione chimica delle piante medicinali ancora ampiamente utilizzate nella medicina tradizionale al fine di riuscire a produrre derivati semisintetici, come base per la sintesi di nuovi composti bioattivi o per la produzione di integratori alimentari. La prima parte del lavoro ha riguardato la messa a punto e l’applicazione di metodi analitici per la valutazione nutrizionale di campioni di Myrcianthes discolor (HBK). La caratterizzazione bromatologica di foglie di lanche canela ha messo in evidenza il buon contenuto proteico e un interessante contenuto di macroelementi (Ca, Mg, Na, K) e oligoelementi (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn), L’analisi della componente minerale è stata eseguita mediante spettroscopia di assorbimento atomico. Le foglie inoltre sono ricche di fibra solubile prebiotica e nella frazione lipidica sono presenti acidi grassi essenziali come linolenico e linoleico. Negli estratti metanolici e acquosi (infusi) ottenuti sono stati determinati sia il contenuto totale di polifenoli mediante il metodo di Folin-Ciocalteu, sia la capacità antiossidante totale con il saggio DPPH. Nella frazione polifenolica mediante HPLC è stato possibile identificare e quantificare miricetina (1,6 e 0.7 mg/g di foglie essiccate) e quercetina (7,2 e 2,3 mg/g di foglie essiccate) sia nell’estratto metanolico sia nell’infuso. Nelll’olio essenziale sono stati identificati trentaquattro composti corrispondenti al 97,79% del totale. I componenti presenti in maggior quantità sono neral (25,38%), geranial (25,34 %), linalool (12,29 %). L’attività antibatterica dell’olio essenziali di Lanche canela non ha dato risultati importanti, mentre è emerso un’attività interessante verso funghi fitopatogeni come il Stemphylium vesicarium e Tricoderma asperellum. Il saggio sull’effetto tossicologico dell’estratto idroalcolico di foglie di Myrcianthes discolor (HBK), non ha mostrato tossicità orale acuta alla dose limite. La ricerca sugli effetti farmacologici e relativi all’attività sessuale è stata valutata mediante la frequenza degli accoppiamenti che rappresenta un parametro che misura il desiderio sessuale comunemente conosciuto come libido sessuale, mentre la frequenza delle penetrazioni indicherebbe la potenza sessuale. I risultati ottenuti dimostrerebbero come sia stato possibile stimolare il desiderio sessuale aumentandolo significativamente rispetto agli animali controllo. I valori più elevati relativi alla frequenza con cui sono avvenute le penetrazioni indicano che l'erezione è stata mantenuta più a lungo. Dopo questa prima indagine conoscitiva si può concludere che Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) ha una componente chimica interessante grazie ad un apporto di sostanze bioattive molto importante e quindi proponibile come materie prima o come semilavorato alle industrie alimentari, nutraceutiche, farmaceutiche e cosmetiche. Lo studio relativo alla possibile tossicità acuta orale può garantire il suo utilizzo anche a scopo umano.
Caratterizzazione di una pianta tipica peruviana Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) o "Lanche canela" per una valorizzazione salutistica e integrazione alimentare
-
2018
Abstract
The traditional medicine of Peru, groups numerous medicinal plants useful for human health and thanks to the knowledge that derive from the empirical experiences made by the natives. However, this wealth that Peru has today requires scientific and experimental contributions of the utmost rigor that allow to discard the traditional uses of plants. Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) is a tree that can reach 3-4 meters in height. It grows in the north of Peru between 2,000 and 3,000 meters above sea level, in the Piura, La Libertad, Cajamarca and Amazonas departments. “Lanche canela", is a typical plant from the north of Peru that is used as a traditional medicine and as a stimulant of sexual activity. The aim of the research project is to characterize a typical Peruvian plant Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) or "Lanche canela" for a health enhancement and food integration and of fundamental importance to know the chemical composition of medicinal plants still widely used in traditional medicine at the order to be able to produce semisynthetic derivatives, as a basis for the synthesis of new bioactive compounds or for the production of food supplements. The first part of the work concerned the development and application of analytical methods for the nutritional evaluation of Myrcianthes discolor samples (HBK). The bromatological characterization of Lanche canela leaves has highlighted the good protein content and an interesting content of macroelements (Ca, Mg, Na, K) and trace elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn), The analysis of the mineral component is was performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The leaves are also rich in prebiotic soluble fiber and in the lipid fraction are present essential fatty acids such as linolenic and linoleic. Both the total content of polyphenols by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the total antioxidant capacity with the DPPH assay were determined in the methanol and aqueous extracts (infusions) obtained. In the polyphenolic fraction by HPLC it was possible to identify and quantify myricetin (1.6 and 0.7 mg/g of dried leaves) and quercetin (7.2 and 2.3 mg/g of dried leaves) both in the methanolic extract and in the infused. Thirty-four compounds corresponding to 97.79% of the total were identified in the essential oil. The components present in greater quantities are neral (25.38%), geranial (25.34%), linalool (12.29%). The antibacterial activity of Lanche Canela essential oils has not produced important results, while an interesting activity has emerged towards phytopathogenic fungi such as Stemphylium vesicarium and Tricoderma asperellum. The essay on the toxicological effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) showed no acute oral toxicity at the dose limit. Research on pharmacological and sex-related effects was assessed by the frequency of mating that represents a parameter that measures sexual desire commonly known as sexual libido, while the frequency of penetrations would indicate sexual potency. The results obtained demonstrate how it was possible to stimulate sexual desire by increasing it significantly compared to control animals. The highest values for the frequency with which penetrations occurred indicate that erection has been maintained longer. After this first cognitive survey it can be concluded that Myrcianthes discolor (HBK) has an interesting chemical component thanks to a very important contribution of bioactive substances and therefore can be proposed as raw materials or as semi-finished products to the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The study related to the possible acute oral toxicity can guarantee its use also for human purposes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Tesi_Edison.pdf
Open Access dal 02/10/2019
Descrizione: Tesi_Edison
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
Dimensione
1.06 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.06 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
