Systematic Reviews have been introduced to improve the synthesis of available evidence and to reduce bias in the conclusions about a body of evidence. Nowadays, Systematic Review is an established method also in the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) field. It is the Cochrane Work Review Group that facilitates authors to produce Cochrane reviews of intervention topics in this area. A variety of guidelines used Cochrane Work reviews for underpinning their recommendations. Due to the comprehensive search and reproducibility of the methods of a systematic review, it turned out that systematic reviews can be powerful in changing beliefs. For example, studies published in the eighties advocated the use of back schools. Nowadays, we know that the total body of evidence has changed the traditional view that training in lifting techniques could prevent back pain. ‘Sitting is the new smoking’ is an eye catching nicely alliterating motto, but it is of course highly overstated. The findings of a Cochrane review of the effects of interventions to decrease sitting at work showed that sitting time can be reduced by a bit less than two hours per day by providing sit-stand desks plus education. However, it is unclear if this is sufficient to counter the effects of sitting. A wealth of evidence on OSH interventions has been collected by international collaboration in the Cochrane Work Review Group. This can be extended to systematic reviews of the effects of exposure of workers to assess to which risks of adverse health effects they are exposed.

Le revisioni sistematiche sono state adottate quale metodo utile a migliorare la sintesi delle prove scientifiche disponibili e per ridurre le distorsioni nelle conclusioni relative ad un insieme di prove. Al giorno d’oggi, sono considerate un metodo affermato anche nel campo della Medicina del Lavoro. È il “Cochrane Work Review Group” che supporta gli autori nel produrre revisioni Cochrane relative ad interventi in questo campo. Diverse linee guida hanno basato le proprie raccomandazioni sulla base dei risultati di revisioni Cochrane. Essendo basate su un’ampia ricerca in letteratura ed avendo metodi riproducibili, le revisioni sistematiche hanno la capacità di modificare le nostre convinzioni. Ad esempio, gli studi pubblicati negli anni ’80 suggerivano l’uso della back-school, ma oggi sappiamo che l’insieme delle evidenze ha modificato le nostre opinioni circa l’efficacia della formazione nel prevenire la lombalgia. “La sedentarietà è il nuovo fumo di sigaretta” è uno slogan che attira l’attenzione, ma che è stato sopravvalutato. I risultati della revisione Cochrane sugli effetti degli interventi per ridurre la sedentarietà al lavoro hanno dimostrato che questa può essere ridotta di poco meno di due ore al giorno fornendo scrivanie che permettano postura assisa ed eretta in aggiunta ad informazione sui rischi. Purtroppo, non è chiaro se ciò sia sufficiente per ridurre gli effetti della sedentarietà. La Cochrane Work, con collaborazioni internazionali, ha raccolto un ricco insieme di prove di efficacia di interventi: ciò va esteso agli effetti delle esposizioni, per valutare a quali rischi per la salute siano esposti i lavoratori.

Systematic reviews in occupational health and safety: Where are we and where should we go?

Mattioli S.
Secondo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
2019

Abstract

Systematic Reviews have been introduced to improve the synthesis of available evidence and to reduce bias in the conclusions about a body of evidence. Nowadays, Systematic Review is an established method also in the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) field. It is the Cochrane Work Review Group that facilitates authors to produce Cochrane reviews of intervention topics in this area. A variety of guidelines used Cochrane Work reviews for underpinning their recommendations. Due to the comprehensive search and reproducibility of the methods of a systematic review, it turned out that systematic reviews can be powerful in changing beliefs. For example, studies published in the eighties advocated the use of back schools. Nowadays, we know that the total body of evidence has changed the traditional view that training in lifting techniques could prevent back pain. ‘Sitting is the new smoking’ is an eye catching nicely alliterating motto, but it is of course highly overstated. The findings of a Cochrane review of the effects of interventions to decrease sitting at work showed that sitting time can be reduced by a bit less than two hours per day by providing sit-stand desks plus education. However, it is unclear if this is sufficient to counter the effects of sitting. A wealth of evidence on OSH interventions has been collected by international collaboration in the Cochrane Work Review Group. This can be extended to systematic reviews of the effects of exposure of workers to assess to which risks of adverse health effects they are exposed.
2019
Verbeek, J.; Mattioli, S.; Curti, S.
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
51-Verbeek et al_La Medicina del Lavoro 2019.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: versione editoriale
Tipologia: Full text (versione editoriale)
Licenza: PUBBLICO - Pubblico con Copyright
Dimensione 562.07 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
562.07 kB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2476215
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 2
  • Scopus 5
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 4
social impact