This research project comes from the need to reflect upon formative practices and their models, focusing on the consequences, not always explicit, that they have towards behaviours and learning. The specific aim of this research was to analyse the main epistemological paradigms that guide university professors in their use of cognitive artifacts, paying particular attention to the web conferencing. In order to significantly im- pact learning processes, each cognitive artifact must be designed and used following precise theoretical paradigms binding its use. Based on existing guidelines regarding multimedia learning from international studies, the didactic func- tionality of multimedia presentation within the ambito of university teaching was verified. Once a hypoth- esis was identified, experimental research was carried out with intentional manipulation of independent variables; the result was measured through a dependent variable (learnings). A control group and two ex- perimental groups participated in the study. A methodology and the related tools to be used were pre- pared. Finally, after having identified the sample, an operative plan was elaborated including times and places, methods of analysis. Therefore, whilst applying a quantitative methodology, the qualitative elements have not been neglected. The analysis undertaken in this study considered not only the relationships between data and information but also the significant connections within the studied phenomenon. It is a system consistent with a hermeneutic epistemological approach, which refers to an interpretative pedagogy. The research results confirmed the hypothesis: learning outcomes increase when the valorisation of the didactic content as pre- sented by the university teacher through web conferencing, is in accordance with the principles relating to multimedia learning.

Questo progetto di ricerca nasce dall’esigenza di riflettere sulle pratiche formative e sui loro modelli, infine sulle conseguenze, non sempre esplicite, che le une e gli altri hanno nei confronti degli apprendimenti. Nello specifico l’obiettivo è quello di analizzare i principali paradigmi epistemologici che guidano il do- cente universitario nell’uso di artefatti cognitivi, con particolare attenzione alla presentazione multimedia- le in un ambiente di web conference. L’idea di partenza è che ogni artefatto cognitivo se deve avere un im- patto significativo sui processi di apprendimento deve essere progettato e utilizzato sulla base di precisi paradigmi teorici che ne vincolano l’utilizzo. Sulla base di linee guida sugli apprendimenti multimediali tratte da studi internazionali è stata verificata la funzionalità didattica della presentazione multimediale all’interno di un insegnamento universitario. Indi- viduata un’ipotesi è stata messa in atto una ricerca sperimentale con manipolazione intenzionale di varia- bili indipendenti, il cui risultato è stato misurato attraverso una variabile dipendente (gli apprendimenti); allo studio hanno partecipato un gruppo di controllo e due gruppi sperimentali; sono state predisposte una metodologia e i relativi strumenti da impiegare. Infine, dopo aver individuato il campione è stato ela- borato un piano operativo comprensivo di tempi e luoghi, modalità di analisi. La metodologia impiegata ha un impianto di tipo quantitativo, ma non trascura nemmeno gli elementi qua- litativi, in quanto indaga sulle relazioni fra dati e informazioni così come sui nessi significativi all’interno del fenomeno studiato. Si tratta di un impianto coerente con un approccio epistemologico ermeneutico, che fa riferimento ad una pedagogia interpretativa. I risultati della ricerca hanno confermato l’ipotesi: la valoriz- zazione del contenuto didattico presentato dal docente universitario tramite la web conference in accordo con i principi di apprendimento multimediale aumenta i risultati dell’apprendimento.

Multimedia presentation, cognitive processes, learning: an experimental research in university teaching [Presentazione multimediale, processi cognitivi, apprendimento: una ricerca sperimentale nella didattica universitaria]

Giovanni Ganino
2018

Abstract

This research project comes from the need to reflect upon formative practices and their models, focusing on the consequences, not always explicit, that they have towards behaviours and learning. The specific aim of this research was to analyse the main epistemological paradigms that guide university professors in their use of cognitive artifacts, paying particular attention to the web conferencing. In order to significantly im- pact learning processes, each cognitive artifact must be designed and used following precise theoretical paradigms binding its use. Based on existing guidelines regarding multimedia learning from international studies, the didactic func- tionality of multimedia presentation within the ambito of university teaching was verified. Once a hypoth- esis was identified, experimental research was carried out with intentional manipulation of independent variables; the result was measured through a dependent variable (learnings). A control group and two ex- perimental groups participated in the study. A methodology and the related tools to be used were pre- pared. Finally, after having identified the sample, an operative plan was elaborated including times and places, methods of analysis. Therefore, whilst applying a quantitative methodology, the qualitative elements have not been neglected. The analysis undertaken in this study considered not only the relationships between data and information but also the significant connections within the studied phenomenon. It is a system consistent with a hermeneutic epistemological approach, which refers to an interpretative pedagogy. The research results confirmed the hypothesis: learning outcomes increase when the valorisation of the didactic content as pre- sented by the university teacher through web conferencing, is in accordance with the principles relating to multimedia learning.
2018
Ganino, Giovanni
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2403521
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