It is undeniable that great interest is aroused by the subject of protecting the religious freedom of mi-nors and their families in the dense web of interwoven relations between them and school, the institution called upon to cooperate within the function of educating young people. Between parents and schools, a peculiar syn-ergy is or should be established in order to ensure that minors receive education and training that respect the confession to which they belong or the spiritual orientation of their families, at the same time able to guarantee the self-determination of minors from the perspective of their best interests. In the current globalized, multi-ethnic and multicultural society, it can happen that the right of relatives to educate their children according to the pre-cepts of their professed faith – and the minor’s right to religious freedom – enters into conflict with the secularity of state schools; it is also possible that the school environment reveals contrasts between parents, who expect their children to comply with religious precepts, and children who, on the contrary, wish for more scope for self-determination in their existential choices. The paper sets out to demonstrate that schools themselves must offer concrete recognition and effective protection of the right to religious freedom of minors, in the sense of putting the best interest of the child first, and that this can be effectively pursued through reviewing the principle of secularity in the welcoming sense and the implementation of inclusion policies.

È innegabile l’interesse che suscita il tema della tutela della libertà religiosa del minore e della sua famiglia nel fitto intreccio di relazioni che si intessono tra questi ultimi e la scuola, istituzione chiamata a coopera-re nella funzione educativa dei fanciulli. Si instaura, o si dovrebbe instaurare, tra genitori e scuola, una peculiare sinergia diretta ad assicurare ai minori un’educazione e una formazione rispettosa dell’appartenenza confessio-nale o dell’orientamento spirituale della famiglia e al tempo stesso capace di garantire l’autodeterminazione del minore nella prospettiva della realizzazione del suo best interest. Nell’attuale società globalizzata, multietnica e multiculturale, può accadere che il diritto dei familiari ad educare i propri figli secondo i precetti della fede profes-sata – così come il diritto di libertà religiosa del minore – entri in conflitto con le esigenze di laicità della scuola pubblica; così come può accadere che nell’ambiente scolastico si riveli il contrasto esistente tra i genitori, che pretendono l’osservanza dei precetti religiosi da parte dei propri figli e questi ultimi, che, al contrario, desiderano un maggiore spazio di autodeterminazione nelle scelte esistenziali. Il contributo si propone di dimostrare che il di-ritto di libertà religiosa del minore, nell’accezione qui accolta di aspetto qualificante il best interest of the child, nella scuola debba trovare concreto riconoscimento ed efficace tutela e possa essere efficacemente perseguito attraverso la rilettura del principio di laicità in senso accogliente e l’attuazione di politiche di inclusione.

Scuola, libertà religiosa del minore e politiche di integrazione

Enrica Martinelli
2018

Abstract

It is undeniable that great interest is aroused by the subject of protecting the religious freedom of mi-nors and their families in the dense web of interwoven relations between them and school, the institution called upon to cooperate within the function of educating young people. Between parents and schools, a peculiar syn-ergy is or should be established in order to ensure that minors receive education and training that respect the confession to which they belong or the spiritual orientation of their families, at the same time able to guarantee the self-determination of minors from the perspective of their best interests. In the current globalized, multi-ethnic and multicultural society, it can happen that the right of relatives to educate their children according to the pre-cepts of their professed faith – and the minor’s right to religious freedom – enters into conflict with the secularity of state schools; it is also possible that the school environment reveals contrasts between parents, who expect their children to comply with religious precepts, and children who, on the contrary, wish for more scope for self-determination in their existential choices. The paper sets out to demonstrate that schools themselves must offer concrete recognition and effective protection of the right to religious freedom of minors, in the sense of putting the best interest of the child first, and that this can be effectively pursued through reviewing the principle of secularity in the welcoming sense and the implementation of inclusion policies.
2018
Martinelli, Enrica
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2398453
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