Rilevamento geomorfologico e gestione dati spaziali attraverso l'uso combinato hardware-software Open-Source per il controllo e la gestione del rischio geologico

This thesis was designed and built to test a new system of hardware-software combined study for the control and management of geological risk arising from mud flow landslides and slopes slow movements. The various issues that arise at present in the landslide management risk are related to poor knowledge of the territory from the geological, geomorphological and specially geodynamic point of view. In risk management modern technical software and hardware very often are neglected, probably because no direct knowledge, that would allow a more advanced risk management in real time. The latest hardware and software generation can identify, if associated with the availability of appropriate and correct data, any type of risk triggering cause arising from natural or anthropogenic factors. This thesis focuses on the resolution of the above mentioned issues and finding detailed use not only at the civil protection level but also in the freelance profession. In this thesis has been tested, with positive results, the Open - Source (OS) software applied to geological, geomorphological and geodynamic data collected on field in two areas; Olvera in Spain (detection area) and Oliveto Lucano in Italy (test area). OS software are indeed available and freely accessible at no cost. The development of the project was divided into three main phases coinciding with the duration of doctorate (three years). They are: Geological and geomorphological survey (1st phase), server management versus UMPC and Open Source software (2nd phase) and two and three dimensional simulations of mud flow landslides with verify on test area (3rd phase). More specifically, in the first year, in addition to the bibliographic collection and the choice of detection area (Olvera, Cadiz, Andalucia, Spain) and the test area (Oliveto Lucano, Matera, Basilicata, Italy) was carried out an intensive geological and geomorphological survey with the collection of all available data through the use of an Ultra Mobile Personal Computer (UMPC) above all in the Olvera. During the field work were selected and tested some of the OS software for digitization and data acquisition. Meanwhile in the laboratory was achieved on the network server, the web site, the DBMS database and the GUI of the WebGIS. In the second year were improved techniques for survey detection through the use of UMPC and its direct connection with the server via HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access). Have also completed the selection, installation and development of other OS software needed to complete the project for the DBMS and the WebGIS area. Most important was the realization, through GIS and graphics tools chosen, geological and geomorphological maps and especially the map of susceptibility. After the realization of map of susceptibility, was performed a new detection phase on the field for a map validation. In the third year the software development for the monitoring of movements by comparison of automatic objects placement on the territory from orthophotos or aerial photos of different years was performed and also the simulated two-and three-dimensional mud flow phenomena and slopes slow movements. All the simulations and tests carried out on landslides in the Olvera was verified on field. Even the simulation of landslides in the area of Oliveto Lucano have been tested on field. During the three years of the PhD were produced poster, pbstract and articles. Here are the headlines: A tiicks published: -A new approach to landslide geomorphological mapping using Open-Source software in the Olvera area (Cadiz, Spain), F. Mantovani, P. D. de Cosmo, A. Suma & F.J. Gracia. Su Landslides magazine. Poster: -"Aplicacion del software Open Source (Web GIS) a la cartograffa geologica y geomorfologica del area de Olvera (Cadiz)" P.D. de Cosmo, A. Suma, F.J. Gracia y F. Mantovani, alia X Reunion Nacional de Geomorfologfa Cadiz, 16-19 Settembre 2008 Abstract: Gypsum Karst in the Olvera Area (Cadiz Province, Andalucia, Spain), Andrea Suma, Francisco Javier Gracia Prieto, Pietro Domenico de Cosmo; 17th International Karstological School, Postojna Slovenija, 15th to 20th June, 2009