Background: Locally advanced rectal cancer is usually treated with a preoperative approach with radiochemotherapy followed by surgery. Patients obtaining a pathologic complete response have a very favorable long-term prognosis. This study was intended to assess whether major surgery can reduce tumor recurrences and prolong survival of patients with a complete response after radiochemotherapy. Methods: Computerized literature search was performed to identify relevant articles. Comparative studies reporting the outcomes of non-operative and operative management in patients after neoadjuvant treatment were reviewed. Data synthesis was performed using Review Manager 5.0 software. Results: Twelve non-randomized comparative studies with a total of 1812 patients were suitable for analysis. There was no significant difference in overall survival at 3 and 5 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.31; 95% CI 0.64–2.69; p = 0.46 and 1.48; 95% CI 1.00–2.20; p = 0.50) and in disease-free survival at 3 and 5 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.20; 95% CI 0.68–2.14; p = 0.53 and 1.22; 95% CI 0.86–1.74; p = 0.26, respectively) between locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with and without operative approach. Conclusions: Major surgery does not seem to improve prognosis in patients obtaining a complete response after radiochemotherapy. Clinical trials, using clear criteria to identify complete response patients, are needed to recommend non-operative approach. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Is It Possible a Conservative Approach After Radiochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC)? A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-analysis

Francesco Fiorica
Primo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
Gabriele Anania
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Daniele Marcello;
2019

Abstract

Background: Locally advanced rectal cancer is usually treated with a preoperative approach with radiochemotherapy followed by surgery. Patients obtaining a pathologic complete response have a very favorable long-term prognosis. This study was intended to assess whether major surgery can reduce tumor recurrences and prolong survival of patients with a complete response after radiochemotherapy. Methods: Computerized literature search was performed to identify relevant articles. Comparative studies reporting the outcomes of non-operative and operative management in patients after neoadjuvant treatment were reviewed. Data synthesis was performed using Review Manager 5.0 software. Results: Twelve non-randomized comparative studies with a total of 1812 patients were suitable for analysis. There was no significant difference in overall survival at 3 and 5 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.31; 95% CI 0.64–2.69; p = 0.46 and 1.48; 95% CI 1.00–2.20; p = 0.50) and in disease-free survival at 3 and 5 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.20; 95% CI 0.68–2.14; p = 0.53 and 1.22; 95% CI 0.86–1.74; p = 0.26, respectively) between locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with and without operative approach. Conclusions: Major surgery does not seem to improve prognosis in patients obtaining a complete response after radiochemotherapy. Clinical trials, using clear criteria to identify complete response patients, are needed to recommend non-operative approach. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
2019
Fiorica, Francesco; Trovò, Marco; Anania, Gabriele; Marcello, Daniele; Di Benedetto, Fabrizio; Marzola, Marina; D'Acapito, Fabrizio; Nasti, Guglielmo;...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2380704
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