At the outbreak of the First World War, Italian diplomacy did not have a clear vision of the goals to be achieved. Therefore, in negotiations with the countries already involved in the conflict, excessive territorial claims were made. The errors of diplomacy, however, were induced by domestic political considerations developed by the liberal ruling class, which took advantage of the patriotic mobilization processes to get rid of Giolittism and impose a political order clearly oriented to the right. The fragmentation of the political framework and the interventionist camp’s lack of coordinated action would subsequently determine the complete victory of this political project.