Purpose: The oncogenic miR-155 is upregulated in many human cancers, and its expression is increased in more aggressive and therapy-resistant tumors, but the molecular mechanisms underlying miR-155-induced therapy resistance are not fully understood. The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of miR-155 in resistance to chemotherapy and to evaluate anti-miR-155 treatment to chemosensitize tumors. Experimental Design: We performed in vitro studies on cell lines to investigate the role of miR-155 in therapy resistance. To assess the effects of miR-155 inhibition on chemoresistance, we used an in vivo orthotopic lung cancer model of athymic nude mice, which we treated with anti-miR-155 alone or in combination with chemotherapy. To analyze the association of miR-155 expression and the combination of miR-155 and TP53 expression with cancer survival, we studied 956 patients with lung cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results: We demonstrate that miR-155 induces resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents in vitro, and that downregulation of miR-155 successfully resensitizes tumors to chemotherapy in vivo.Weshow that anti-miR-155-DOPC can be considered nontoxic in vivo. We further demonstrate that miR-155 and TP53 are linked in a negative feedback mechanism and that a combination of high expression of miR-155 and low expression of TP53 is significantly associated with shorter survival in lung cancer. Conclusions: Our findings support the existence of an miR-155/TP53 feedback loop, which is involved in resistance to chemotherapy and which can be specifically targeted to overcome drug resistance, an important cause of cancer-related death.

Combining anti-miR-155 with chemotherapy for the treatment of lung cancers

D'ABUNDO, Lucilla;NEGRINI, Massimo;
2017

Abstract

Purpose: The oncogenic miR-155 is upregulated in many human cancers, and its expression is increased in more aggressive and therapy-resistant tumors, but the molecular mechanisms underlying miR-155-induced therapy resistance are not fully understood. The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of miR-155 in resistance to chemotherapy and to evaluate anti-miR-155 treatment to chemosensitize tumors. Experimental Design: We performed in vitro studies on cell lines to investigate the role of miR-155 in therapy resistance. To assess the effects of miR-155 inhibition on chemoresistance, we used an in vivo orthotopic lung cancer model of athymic nude mice, which we treated with anti-miR-155 alone or in combination with chemotherapy. To analyze the association of miR-155 expression and the combination of miR-155 and TP53 expression with cancer survival, we studied 956 patients with lung cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results: We demonstrate that miR-155 induces resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents in vitro, and that downregulation of miR-155 successfully resensitizes tumors to chemotherapy in vivo.Weshow that anti-miR-155-DOPC can be considered nontoxic in vivo. We further demonstrate that miR-155 and TP53 are linked in a negative feedback mechanism and that a combination of high expression of miR-155 and low expression of TP53 is significantly associated with shorter survival in lung cancer. Conclusions: Our findings support the existence of an miR-155/TP53 feedback loop, which is involved in resistance to chemotherapy and which can be specifically targeted to overcome drug resistance, an important cause of cancer-related death.
2017
Van Roosbroeck, Katrien; Fanini, Francesca; Setoyama, Tetsuro; Ivan, Cristina; Rodriguez aguayo, Cristian; Fuentes mattei, Enrique; Xiao, Lianchun; Vannini, Ivan; Redis, Roxana S.; D'Abundo, Lucilla; Zhang, Xinna; Nicoloso, Milena S.; Rossi, Simona; Gonzalez villasana, Vianey; Rupaimoole, Rajesha; Ferracin, Manuela; Morabito, Fortunato; Neri, Antonino; Ruvolo, Peter P.; Ruvolo, Vivian R.; Pecot, Chad V.; Amadori, Dino; Abruzzo, Lynne; Calin, Steliana; Wang, Xuemei; You, M. James; Ferrajoli, Alessandra; Orlowski, Robert; Plunkett, William; Lichtenberg, Tara M.; Davuluri, Ramana V.; Berindan neagoe, Ioana; Negrini, Massimo; Wistuba, Ignacio I.; Kantarjian, Hagop M.; Sood, Anil K.; Lopez berestein, Gabriel; Keating, Michael J.; Fabbri, Muller; Calin, George A.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2376372
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