Abstract Introduction. Among novel psychoactive substances notified to EMCDDA and Europol were 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene stereoisomers (ortho, meta, and para). These substances share some structural characteristics with phencyclidine and tramadol. Nowadays, no information on the pharmacological and toxicological effects evoked by 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene are reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect evoked by each one stereoisomer on visual stimulation, body temperature, acute thermal pain, and motor activity in mice. Methods. Mice were evaluated in behavioral tests carried out in a consecutive manner according to the following time scheme: observation of visual placing response, measures of core body temperature, determination of acute thermal pain, and stimulated motor activity. Results. All three stereoisomers dose‐dependent inhibit visual placing response (rank order: meta > ortho > para), induce hyperthermia at lower and hypothermia at higher doses (meta > ortho > para) and cause analgesia to thermal stimuli (para > meta = ortho), while they do not alter motor activity. Conclusions. For the first time, this study demonstrates that systemic administration of 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene compounds markedly inhibit visual response, promote analgesia, and induce core temperature alterations in mice. This data, although obtained in animal model, suggest their possible hazard for human health (i.e., hyperthermia and sensorimotor alterations). In particular, these novel psychoactive substances may have a negative impact in many daily activities, greatly increasing the risk factors for workplace accidents and traffic injuries.

1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene derivatives, novel psychoactive substances seized on the internet market. Synthesis and in vivo pharmacological studies in mice

FANTINATI, Anna
Co-primo
;
OSSATO, Andrea
Co-primo
;
BIANCO, Sara;CANAZZA, Isabella;TRAPELLA, Claudio
Penultimo
;
MARTI, Matteo
Ultimo
2017

Abstract

Abstract Introduction. Among novel psychoactive substances notified to EMCDDA and Europol were 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene stereoisomers (ortho, meta, and para). These substances share some structural characteristics with phencyclidine and tramadol. Nowadays, no information on the pharmacological and toxicological effects evoked by 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene are reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect evoked by each one stereoisomer on visual stimulation, body temperature, acute thermal pain, and motor activity in mice. Methods. Mice were evaluated in behavioral tests carried out in a consecutive manner according to the following time scheme: observation of visual placing response, measures of core body temperature, determination of acute thermal pain, and stimulated motor activity. Results. All three stereoisomers dose‐dependent inhibit visual placing response (rank order: meta > ortho > para), induce hyperthermia at lower and hypothermia at higher doses (meta > ortho > para) and cause analgesia to thermal stimuli (para > meta = ortho), while they do not alter motor activity. Conclusions. For the first time, this study demonstrates that systemic administration of 1‐cyclohexyl‐x‐methoxybenzene compounds markedly inhibit visual response, promote analgesia, and induce core temperature alterations in mice. This data, although obtained in animal model, suggest their possible hazard for human health (i.e., hyperthermia and sensorimotor alterations). In particular, these novel psychoactive substances may have a negative impact in many daily activities, greatly increasing the risk factors for workplace accidents and traffic injuries.
2017
Fantinati, Anna; Ossato, Andrea; Bianco, Sara; Canazza, Isabella; De Giorgio, F; Trapella, Claudio; Marti, Matteo
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Fantinati 2017 proof.pdf

solo gestori archivio

Descrizione: Full text ahead of print
Tipologia: Full text (versione editoriale)
Licenza: NON PUBBLICO - Accesso privato/ristretto
Dimensione 686.78 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
686.78 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia
hup.2560.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Full text editoriale
Tipologia: Full text (versione editoriale)
Licenza: PUBBLICO - Pubblico con Copyright
Dimensione 768.12 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
768.12 kB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11392/2366998
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 6
  • Scopus 14
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 12
social impact