RAMP supports transparent management of multi-hop heterogeneous spontaneous networks performing middleware-layer routing (without the need of operating system routing support). To leverage the adoption of heterogeneous spontaneous networking: RAMP supports both unicast and broadcast communication abstractions, in order to provide a simple and wide-accepted basis for any general-purpose application need; RAMP easily enables the registration/discovery/invocation of services dynamically and temporarily offered by spontaneous network peers; to facilitate use and leverage adoption, RAMP facilities for communication/service management are transparent (independent) with regard to low-level implementation details about i) how the spontaneous network has been created (single-hop instantiation and control), ii) which specific wireless technologies are employed (e.g., Bluetooth, WiFi in ad-hoc mode, and WiFi in infrastructured mode), and iii) which operating system runs at each participating node.