Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is primarily an autoimmune disorder of unknown origin.This review focuses iron overload and oxidative stress as surrounding cause thatleads to immuno-modulation in chronic MS. Iron overload has been demonstratedin MS lesions, as a feature common with other neurodegenerative disorders.However, the recent description of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency(CCSVI) associated to MS, with significant anomalies in cerebral venous outflowhaemodynamics, permit to propose a parallel with chronic venous disorders(CVD) in the mechanism of iron deposition. Abnormal cerebral venous reflux ispeculiar to MS, and was not found in a miscellaneous of patients affected by otherneurodegenerative disorders characterized by iron stores, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Several recently published studiessupport the hypothesis that MS progresses along the venous vasculature. Thepeculiarity of CCSVI related cerebral venous blood flow disturbances, togetherwith histology of the perivenous spaces and recent findings from advanced MRItechniques, support the hypothesis that iron deposits in MS are a consequence ofaltered cerebral venous return and chronic insufficient venous drainage.
ANOMALOUS VENOUS BLOOD FLOW AND IRON DEPOSITION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
SINGH, Ajay Vikram;ZAMBONI, Paolo
2009
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is primarily an autoimmune disorder of unknown origin.This review focuses iron overload and oxidative stress as surrounding cause thatleads to immuno-modulation in chronic MS. Iron overload has been demonstratedin MS lesions, as a feature common with other neurodegenerative disorders.However, the recent description of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency(CCSVI) associated to MS, with significant anomalies in cerebral venous outflowhaemodynamics, permit to propose a parallel with chronic venous disorders(CVD) in the mechanism of iron deposition. Abnormal cerebral venous reflux ispeculiar to MS, and was not found in a miscellaneous of patients affected by otherneurodegenerative disorders characterized by iron stores, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Several recently published studiessupport the hypothesis that MS progresses along the venous vasculature. Thepeculiarity of CCSVI related cerebral venous blood flow disturbances, togetherwith histology of the perivenous spaces and recent findings from advanced MRItechniques, support the hypothesis that iron deposits in MS are a consequence ofaltered cerebral venous return and chronic insufficient venous drainage.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
