Objective: This study evaluates the hospitalization risk for upper gastrointestial bleeding (UGIB) with reference to the clinical characteristics of patients and drugs taken before admission. Methods: This study is based on the GIFA (Italian Group for the Pharmacosurveillance in the Elderly) database. Cases with an ICD-9 code of esophagus, stomach or duodenum bleeding, or acute esophago-gastroduodenal disease associated with anemia have been classified as UGIB. Sex, age, year of observation, drugs taken at home, comorbidity, smoking, alcohol, and use of gastroprotectants have been also taken into account. Statistical analysis has been conducted using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 32,388 patients have been enrolled, 940 of which presented UGIB. Age, comorbidity, use of smoke and alcohol, hospitalization duration, and mortality during hospitalization were significantly higher in UGIB than nonUGIB patients. Increased UGIB risk has been found in patients taking NSAIDs(both when aspirin was included or excluded), acetaminophen, constipating agents, iron, ethacrynic acid, propranolol. Reduced UGIB risk has been found in patients taking nitrates. Conclusions: UGIB risk appears to correlate with clinical characteristics of the patient: it increases with age, comorbidity, and smoke and alcohol consumption. Among drugs, NSAIDs are associated with the highest UGIB risk, while nitrates with a reduction of risk.
Risk of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding
GALLERANI, Massimo;SIMONATO, Michele;MANFREDINI, Roberto;VOLPATO, Stefano;VIGNA, Giovanni Battista;FELLIN, Renato
2004
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluates the hospitalization risk for upper gastrointestial bleeding (UGIB) with reference to the clinical characteristics of patients and drugs taken before admission. Methods: This study is based on the GIFA (Italian Group for the Pharmacosurveillance in the Elderly) database. Cases with an ICD-9 code of esophagus, stomach or duodenum bleeding, or acute esophago-gastroduodenal disease associated with anemia have been classified as UGIB. Sex, age, year of observation, drugs taken at home, comorbidity, smoking, alcohol, and use of gastroprotectants have been also taken into account. Statistical analysis has been conducted using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 32,388 patients have been enrolled, 940 of which presented UGIB. Age, comorbidity, use of smoke and alcohol, hospitalization duration, and mortality during hospitalization were significantly higher in UGIB than nonUGIB patients. Increased UGIB risk has been found in patients taking NSAIDs(both when aspirin was included or excluded), acetaminophen, constipating agents, iron, ethacrynic acid, propranolol. Reduced UGIB risk has been found in patients taking nitrates. Conclusions: UGIB risk appears to correlate with clinical characteristics of the patient: it increases with age, comorbidity, and smoke and alcohol consumption. Among drugs, NSAIDs are associated with the highest UGIB risk, while nitrates with a reduction of risk.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
