Significato dell'analisi citogenetica e citogenetico-molecolare nella diagnosi e nella prognosi delle neoplasie ematologiche. Cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics in diagnosis and prognosis of haematological malignancies

Conventional cyogenetics analysis along with molecular cytogenetics techniques (e. g. fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH) gratly contributed to the identification of recurrent chromosomal abnormalilities in hematologic malignancies, often related to clinical and pathological features. Thus, cytogentic analysis could be considered an essential tool to correctly define the diagnosis and the prognostic risk in many tum ors. The knowledge of chromosomal and molecular abnormalities led to the elucidation of ethiopathogernetic mechanism which cause a loss of control in self-renewal, apoptosis and proliferation and gave the basis for the development of gene-targeted therapy.